Understanding Performance Limiting Interfacial Recombination in <i>pin</i> Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite semiconductors are an attractive option to overcome the limitations of established silicon based photovoltaic (PV) technologies due their exceptional opto-electronic properties and successful integration into multijunction cells. However, performance single- cells is largely limited by significant nonradiative recombination at perovskite/organic electron transport layer junctions. In this work, cause interfacial perovskite/C60 interface revealed via a combination photoluminescence, photoelectron spectroscopy, first-principle numerical simulations. It found that most contribution total C60-induced loss occurs within first monolayer C60, rather than in bulk C60 or perovskite surface. The experiments show molecules act as deep trap states when direct contact with perovskite. further demonstrated reducing surface coverage radiative efficiency bare can be retained. findings work pave way toward overcoming one critical remaining losses solar